Ashoka Pillar

Ashoka Pillar Sarnath – Legacy of the Mauryan Emperor in Varanasi

The Ashoka Pillar at Sarnath stands as a monumental testimony to Emperor Ashoka’s devotion to Buddhism and his mission to spread peace and dharma. Located within the sacred grounds of Sarnath in Varanasi, this pillar not only symbolizes the historical visit of Ashoka to the site where Lord Buddha gave his first sermon, but also embodies the strength of Indian heritage and Buddhist philosophy.

Who Was Emperor Ashoka?

Emperor Ashoka the Great was one of India’s most powerful and visionary rulers. Reigning during the 3rd century BCE, he was the third emperor of the Maurya Dynasty and expanded the Mauryan Empire across most of the Indian subcontinent. However, it was the bloody Kalinga War that transformed Ashoka’s heart. Witnessing the horrors of war, he embraced Buddhism and vowed to rule through peace, compassion, and non-violence.

Ashoka became the first ruler to unify India under the banner of dharma (moral law) and is credited with building countless stupas, monasteries, and edicts inscribed on rocks and pillars to spread the teachings of the Buddha.

Historical Importance of the Ashoka Pillar in Sarnath

The Ashoka Pillar at Sarnath marks the spot where Lord Buddha first taught the Dharma after attaining enlightenment. To commemorate this sacred location, Ashoka erected a polished sandstone pillar around 250 BCE during his pilgrimage to Buddhist sites.

• The original pillar stood over 15 meters high and was made from a single block of polished Chunar sandstone.
• It was inscribed with an edict that emphasizes respect for all sects and the importance of unity and harmony.
• The pillar featured the world-famous Lion Capital of Ashoka, which now serves as the National Emblem of India.

The Lion Capital – Symbol of Indian Identity

The Lion Capital that once crowned the Ashoka Pillar is now displayed in the nearby Sarnath Museum. It features four back-to-back lions, symbolizing power, courage, pride, and confidence. Below them are representations of the Dharma Chakra (Wheel of Law), a bull, an elephant, a horse, and a lion, each symbolizing different phases of Buddha’s life.

This Lion Capital is a profound symbol of India’s cultural and spiritual foundation and was officially adopted as the National Emblem of India in 1950, post-independence.

Myths and Legacy Around the Pillar

Local legends say the pillar was divinely protected through centuries of invasions and environmental changes. While much of the pillar was destroyed or collapsed over time, the base remains in its original spot, continuing to attract pilgrims and historians from around the world.

The Ashoka Pillar of Sarnath is not just a monument – it is a link between ancient wisdom and modern identity, between Buddha’s teachings and Ashoka’s statecraft.

What to See at the Ashoka Pillar Site

• View the original pillar base still standing in the archaeological site of Sarnath.
• Visit the Sarnath Museum to see the original Lion Capital and pillar fragments.
• Explore nearby ruins of monasteries, stupas, and platforms from the Mauryan and Gupta periods.

Experience the Spirit of Ashoka with VBK

At VBK (VaranasiBanarasKashi.com), we help you experience the true essence of the Ashoka Pillar – not just as a historic site, but as a living message of peace and transformation. Learn about the emperor who turned from conquest to compassion, and connect with the soul of India’s spiritual past right here in Varanasi.