Nag Nathaiya

Nag Nathaiya – Krishna’s Divine Leela Celebrated on the Banks of Varanasi

Nag Nathaiya is one of the most enchanting ritualistic festivals celebrated in Varanasi, commemorating Lord Krishna’s legendary subduing of the serpent Kaliya. Observed annually on the fourth day of Kartik Shukla Paksha (October–November), this ritual re-enactment takes place at the famous Tulsi Ghat, drawing thousands of devotees and visitors from across the world.

At VBK (VaranasiBanarasKashi.com), we bring you the stories and symbolism of Varanasi’s timeless rituals. Explore with VBK how Nag Nathaiya transforms spiritual mythology into living tradition at the sacred ghats of Kashi.

The Legend of Nag Nathaiya

This ritual originates from a well-known episode in the life of Lord Krishna, as described in the Bhagavata Purana. As a young boy, Krishna jumped into the Yamuna River where the venomous serpent Kaliya resided. To subdue the evil and purify the water, Krishna danced on the serpent’s many hoods, eventually forcing Kaliya to surrender. This victory of divinity over negativity is celebrated through the dramatic Nag Nathaiya performance.

The Ritual at Tulsi Ghat

What makes this ritual so captivating is its live enactment. At Tulsi Ghat, a young boy dressed as Krishna leaps into the Ganga River from a kadamba tree, symbolizing Krishna’s leap into the Yamuna. Another performer plays the role of Kaliya, often through a large artificial serpent structure placed in the river. This divine play is performed with devotional songs and Vedic chants in the background, creating a celestial atmosphere.

• Location: Tulsi Ghat, Varanasi
• Timing: Celebrated on Kartik Shukla Chaturthi, usually in October or November
• Organized by: The Tulsi Ghat Ramleela Committee with traditional performers
• Audience: Open to public, attracting devotees, locals, and international tourists

Spiritual Symbolism

Nag Nathaiya is more than a mythological play. It represents the eternal struggle between good and evil, where Lord Krishna symbolizes dharma (righteousness) triumphing over adharma (chaos and negativity). The serpent Kaliya, who poisons the waters, is symbolic of ego and ignorance, which Krishna defeats through divine grace.

Historical & Cultural Significance

The tradition of Nag Nathaiya in Varanasi was popularized by Saint Tulsidas, who initiated the Ramleela and Krishna Leela performances at Tulsi Ghat. The celebration continues to reflect the city’s strong roots in devotional theatre, classical music, and storytelling. It is also recognized as a part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of India.

Tourism & Visual Delight

For tourists, Nag Nathaiya offers an immersive cultural experience unlike any other. It provides:

• Live depiction of divine mythology by local artists
• Festive ambiance with devotional music and chants
• Opportunity to witness traditional religious theatre at a historic ghat
• Spiritual connection through collective participation and chanting

Being part of Nag Nathaiya offers a deeper connection with the living traditions of Varanasi. It not only narrates a story but also breathes life into faith, community, and performance. For any spiritual traveler or cultural explorer, this event is a must-experience ritual of the city.